Thread: Additional partitions after RAID10 configuration

hello, im trying set software raid10 (ubuntu server 11.04). drives 4x 40gb.

during installation:

- created 2gb partition on every disk md0 (boot).
- created 38gb (rest) partition on every disk md1 (data) - it's 1 big partition testing.
- created raid1 2gb partitions (sda1, sdb1, ...), bootable.
- created raid10 38gb partitions (sda2, sdb2, ...), ext4.

after installation:

- created 1gb swap file on md0 (with mkswap , swapon, added fstab).
- reboot.

what expecting see is:

/dev/md0 mounted on /boot, 2gb total, 1 - 1,5gb used boot files , swap made.
/dev/md1 mounted on /, 76gb total (38gb x2, because of raid10), 1 - 1,5gb used system files.

what see is::

df -h result:

code:

filesystem            size  used avail use% mounted on /dev/md1               70g  1.1g   66g   2% / none                  7.9g  272k  7.9g   1% /dev none                  7.9g     0  7.9g   0% /dev/shm none                  7.9g   56k  7.9g   1% /var/run none                  7.9g     0  7.9g   0% /var/lock /dev/md0              1.9g  1.1g  699m  61% /boot

my questions are:

(1) these 'none' filesystem partitions , why created? why 7.9gb - didn't set that. got software raid1 (2 disks) on different machine , shows /dev/mdx, not additional partitions.

(2) why /dev/md1 isn't 76gb total? during installation disks seen full 40gb, not smaller. if was, 40gb / 1024 * 1k ~= 39gb, minus 2gb md0 = 37gb ... x2 ~= 74gb, not 70gb. that's not problem, im curious - maybe im mistaken, because logics wrong - im more concerned these partitions.

(3) how large should swap partition configuration? everywhere read, people '2x ram' - take half of total disk space here!

additional informations:

fdisk -l

code:

disk /dev/sda: 40.0 gb, 40018599936 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 4865 cylinders units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes i/o size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes disk identifier: 0x000e86fe     device boot      start         end      blocks   id  system /dev/sda1               1         244     1951744   fd  linux raid autodetect partition 1 not end on cylinder boundary. /dev/sda2   *         244        4866    37127168   fd  linux raid autodetect  disk /dev/sdb: 40.0 gb, 40018599936 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 4865 cylinders units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes i/o size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes disk identifier: 0x00006d08     device boot      start         end      blocks   id  system /dev/sdb1               1         244     1951744   fd  linux raid autodetect partition 1 not end on cylinder boundary. /dev/sdb2   *         244        4866    37127168   fd  linux raid autodetect  disk /dev/sdd: 40.0 gb, 40018599936 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 4865 cylinders units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes i/o size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes disk identifier: 0x0002a1bd     device boot      start         end      blocks   id  system /dev/sdd1               1         244     1951744   fd  linux raid autodetect partition 1 not end on cylinder boundary. /dev/sdd2   *         244        4866    37127168   fd  linux raid autodetect  disk /dev/sdc: 40.0 gb, 40018599936 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 4865 cylinders units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes i/o size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes disk identifier: 0x00018031     device boot      start         end      blocks   id  system /dev/sdc1               1         244     1951744   fd  linux raid autodetect partition 1 not end on cylinder boundary. /dev/sdc2   *         244        4866    37127168   fd  linux raid autodetect  disk /dev/md0: 1997 mb, 1997524992 bytes 2 heads, 4 sectors/track, 487677 cylinders units = cylinders of 8 * 512 = 4096 bytes sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes i/o size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes disk identifier: 0x00000000  disk /dev/md0 doesn't contain valid partition table  disk /dev/md1: 76.0 gb, 76033294336 bytes 2 heads, 4 sectors/track, 18562816 cylinders units = cylinders of 8 * 512 = 4096 bytes sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes i/o size (minimum/optimal): 524288 bytes / 1048576 bytes disk identifier: 0x00000000  disk /dev/md1 doesn't contain valid partition table

cat /etc/fstab

code:

# <file system> <mount point>   <type>  <options>       <dump>  <pass> proc            /proc           proc    nodev,noexec,nosuid 0       0 # / on /dev/md1 during installation uuid=2c789bfe-5da3-4140-be67-bbf067c879ce /               ext4    errors=remount-ro 0       1 # /boot on /dev/md0 during installation uuid=890d72b1-6b0c-44e9-8e29-d5d1dc03c217 /boot           ext4    defaults        0       2 /boot/1gb.swap none swap sw 0 0

cat /proc/mdstat

code:

personalities : [linear] [multipath] [raid0] [raid1] [raid10] [raid6] [raid5] [raid4] md1 : active raid10 sdc2[2] sdd2[3] sda2[0] sdb2[1]       74251264 blocks super 1.2 512k chunks 2 near-copies [4/4] [uuuu]  md0 : active raid1 sdc1[2] sdd1[3] sda1[0] sdb1[1]       1950708 blocks super 1.2 [4/4] [uuuu]  unused devices: <none>

machine

intel i5 3.2ghz, 16gb ram ddr3, these 4 drives ssd, 40gb each.

destination

web server (lamp) huge database usage (small number of connections, lots of queries).


i'd appreciate information / help.
wanted im pretty 'sunday user' of linux, if conception totally wrong, don't hard on me.

if should provide more system information please let me know, i'll asap.

thank you!

found info these 'none' partitions: http://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=1670124

question how big should swap file configuration still stands, thanks.

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